> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.darvas.app/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# math.*

> The math namespace provides arithmetic, trigonometric, rounding, and random number utilities. Pine Script v5 parity.

## Overview

The `math` namespace mirrors the JavaScript `Math` object with Pine Script-compatible names. All functions are available globally as `math.*`.

## Arithmetic

| Function         | Returns  | Example                    |
| ---------------- | -------- | -------------------------- |
| `math.abs(x)`    | `number` | `math.abs(-5)` → `5`       |
| `math.sqrt(x)`   | `number` | `math.sqrt(9)` → `3`       |
| `math.pow(x, y)` | `number` | `math.pow(2, 10)` → `1024` |
| `math.log(x)`    | `number` | Natural log                |
| `math.log10(x)`  | `number` | Base-10 log                |

```js theme={null}
onBar(() => {
  const logReturn = math.log(ctx.close() / ctx.close(1));
  plot("Log Return", logReturn);
});
```

## Min / max

| Function              | Returns  | Example                   |
| --------------------- | -------- | ------------------------- |
| `math.min(...values)` | `number` | `math.min(3, 1, 2)` → `1` |
| `math.max(...values)` | `number` | `math.max(3, 1, 2)` → `3` |

```js theme={null}
onBar(() => {
  // Clamp RSI between 10 and 90
  const rsi = ta.rsi(ctx.close, 14);
  const clamped = math.max(10, math.min(90, nz(rsi, 50)));
  plot("Clamped RSI", clamped);
});
```

## Rounding

| Function                   | Returns  | Notes                                   |
| -------------------------- | -------- | --------------------------------------- |
| `math.round(x, decimals?)` | `number` | Rounds to `decimals` places (default 0) |
| `math.floor(x)`            | `number` | Round down to nearest integer           |
| `math.ceil(x)`             | `number` | Round up to nearest integer             |

```js theme={null}
const price = ctx.close();
const rounded = math.round(price, 2);  // e.g. 42567.123 -> 42567.12
const floored = math.floor(price);     // e.g. 42567.123 -> 42567
```

## Trigonometric

| Function      | Notes            |
| ------------- | ---------------- |
| `math.sin(x)` | Input in radians |
| `math.cos(x)` | Input in radians |
| `math.tan(x)` | Input in radians |

```js theme={null}
// Sine-wave overlay (purely decorative example)
const PI = 3.14159265358979;
onBar(() => {
  const t = ctx.i() / 20;
  const wave = math.sin(2 * PI * t) * 100;
  plot("Sine wave", wave);
});
```

## Constants

The `math` namespace does not expose `math.PI` directly - use the literal `3.14159265358979` or derive it from `math.asin(1) * 2` if needed.

## Random

| Function        | Returns                                          |
| --------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| `math.random()` | `number` in `[0, 1)` - different each evaluation |

<Note>
  `math.random()` is available but its output changes on every indicator re-evaluation. Avoid using it for anything that should produce stable chart output.
</Note>

## Related pages

<CardGroup cols={2}>
  <Card title="str.*" href="/essentials/str">
    String utilities namespace.
  </Card>

  <Card title="NaN handling" href="/essentials/nan-handling">
    math.\* functions propagate NaN - guard inputs with nz().
  </Card>
</CardGroup>